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Sildenafil Citrate: What You Need to Know
Sildenafil citrate, the active ingredient in medications like Viagra, is a popular treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED) in men. It works by increasing blood flow to the penis, allowing for sustained erections during sexual arousal. But sildenafil is not just used for ED - it's also prescribed under the brand name Revatio to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a condition characterized by high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs.
In this article, we'll explore how sildenafil works, its key differences between ED and PAH uses, side effects, drug interactions, proper use guidelines, and available dosages. We'll also compare sildenafil to other common ED medications and discuss ordering options.
How Sildenafil Works Sildenafil belongs to a class of drugs called phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors. PDE5 is an enzyme found in the smooth muscle cells lining blood vessels, including those in the penis. It breaks down another enzyme called cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) that promotes relaxation of smooth muscle and increased blood flow.
When a man is sexually stimulated, his body releases nitric oxide, which in turn triggers the production of cGMP. Normally, PDE5 would break down the cGMP and end erection. But sildenafil inhibits PDE5, allowing cGMP levels to remain elevated and enabling a fuller, longer-lasting erection.
In PAH treatment, the same mechanism allows blood vessels in the lungs to relax and widen, reducing pressure and improving oxygen delivery.
Sildenafil for ED vs PAH While the active ingredient is the same, sildenafil products for ED and PAH have some key differences:
ED:
PAH:
Side Effects Common side effects of sildenafil, occurring in more than 10% of patients, include:
Less common but more serious potential side effects:
Risks are higher in those with heart conditions, low blood pressure, bleeding disorders, active stomach ulcers, retinitis pigmentosa, kidney or liver disease. Men should not take sildenafil if they use nitrates, guanylate cyclase stimulators, or certain antifungal/antibiotic drugs.
Proper Use To get the most from sildenafil and minimize side effects:
Available Dosages Sildenafil is available in oral tablet form in various doses:
For ED:
For PAH:
When a 25 mg or 50 mg dose is adequate, it may cause less side effects than the 100 mg dose. Your doctor will help determine the proper dose for your needs.
Sildenafil vs Other ED Meds Sildenafil is one of several popular prescription ED treatments, along with:
Key differences:
Ordering Options Sildenafil is only available by prescription in the United States and many other countries. It cannot be legally purchased over-the-counter.
However, you can often get a prescription filled online through:
Avoid unverified online pharmacies and never purchase sildenafil from a website offering it without a prescription, as it may be counterfeit or dangerous.
Conclusion Sildenafil is a well-established, effective treatment for ED and PAH. It has a proven safety and efficacy profile and is generally well-tolerated. However, it is not appropriate for everyone, especially those with certain medical conditions or taking conflicting medications.
Always use sildenafil exactly as directed by your doctor and report any side effects promptly. It is not a substitute for regular medical care and should not be taken recreationally. With proper use, sildenafil can help many men regain confidence and sexual function.